Cudequest+5

=Chapter 5 Let Us Entertain You= toc

What Do You See? 1

 * I see a girl plucking the string and it is making a noise and the boy is being blown away from the noise.

What Do You Think? 1

 * By tightening the strings creates a higher or lower pitch depending on how tight you make the strings.
 * The lower down the instrument the higher the notes, the higher up the instrument the lower the notes are.

Physics Talk 1

 * To produce sound, you need something to vibrate.
 * Two variables of vibration are length and tension.
 * Different sounds are created by placing your fingers on different parts of the guitar neck. Shortening the string creates a higher pitch. When adding mass to the mass hanger, the pitch changed, because the string tightened, creating more tension.
 * As tension increases, sound pitch increases. When tuning an instrument, the player can either tighten or loosen the strings to make different sounds. Increasing the tension and decreasing the length increase pitch. In drums, the head of the drum vibrates.

Checking Up 1
1. As the tension of the string increases, the pitch also increases as well. 2. When you decrease the length of the string, the pitch increases. 3. When adding mass to the hanger, the tension of the string increased, which will increase the pitch. 4. A sound is created on a percussion instrument when it is struck on the head, creating vibrations.

Inquiring Further 1
After reading Evelyn's Essay, It has given me the knowledge to what deaf people are like. I was very open minded to what an amazing percussionist she was. I find it very interesting on how she is able to feel vibrations from her skin. I do not fully understand this concept though yet. But, this interesting article made me think if I would be able to play that instrument when deaf through vibrations. Without these vibrations, how would you be able to listen to it or know if it sounds good.

Physics Plus 1
F = sqrt(T/4mL)
 * F = frequency
 * T = Tension
 * L = length of string
 * m = mass of string

1. To double the frequency you have to multiply the tension by four. 2. By decreasing the length by 1/4, you increase the frequency. 3. You would get a lower pitch. 4. The thicker one provides a lower sound where the thinner ones provides a higher pitched sound.

Physics To Go 1
1a. Increasing mass towards the string can change the tension. 1b. It stretches the string out and makes the tension more high pitched as opposed to the original sound. 2a. You can tune it by tightening the peg, or by pushing the string with your finger back to increase tension. 2b. Loosening the string will make a lower pitch and tightening it will make a higher pitch. 3a. Change the tension's length will still leave the pitch remaining the same. 3b. Increase the tension to balance it out. 4. It would make the original sound because tension and length would cancel each other out. 5a. musicians use their fingers to shorten the strings, producing different sounds. 5b. They would use a piano to match the keys with the guitar sounds making the guitar tuned. 6a. The purpose is to tighten or loosen the strings. 6b. Strumming a guitar all the time will loosen the strings so that is why you need tuners to tighten them. 6c. Becomes low pitched. 7a. To press the strings against them causing a certain vibration and resulting in a certain pitch 7b. No 7c. They do not have frets to determine where there fingers are needed. 8. My instrument would have different sized strings to create different sounds.

What Do You Think Now? 1

 * They loosen and tighten different strings on the instrument in order to get different pitches. They also put their fingers on frets to produce different sounds.
 * The closer their fingers were to the head, the shorter the string and the higher the pitch.

What Do You See? 2

 * I see a girl surf boarding a slinky in the sand, also the slinky is in a wave motion.

What Do You Think? 2

 * Water is pulled in to the tide to build up a wave and that is how it gets bigger and bigger. Also the wave moves straight toward the shore.

Physics Talk 2

 * //frequency// - (f) how often a wave passes a point in one second #wave/second-Hz
 * //period// - (T) how many seconds it takes for one wave to pass #seconds/wave-Seconds *frequency and period are reciprocals
 * //wave length// - distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave (lambda)
 * //wave speed// - speed it takes for a wave to travel from one place to another; measured as total distance over total time: lambda times frequency
 * //amplitude// - y-axis; represents the amount of energy of a wave (distance)
 * //traveling wave// - regular and repeating pulses
 * //pulse// - single disturbance in the medium
 * //crest// - position of maximum amplitude (+A)
 * //trough// - position of minimum amplitude (-A)
 * //transverse wave// - move side to side; energy travels perpendicular to the motion of the particle
 * //longitudinal wave// - pulses; compressions moving down; energy travels parallel to the particle motion
 * //medium// - substance that carries the wave
 * //node// - a point on a standing wave where the medium is motionless
 * //antinode// - a point on a standing wave where the displacement is the largest
 * //wave// - transfer of energy without a transfer of mass

Checking Up 2
1. A wave is a transfer of energy that has no net transfer of mass. 2. A transverse wave moves side to side and the energy travels perpendicular to the motion of the particle. A longitudinal wave energy travels parallel in motion. 3. A node is a point on a standing wave when the medium is motionless. In an antinode, it is a point on standing wave that has the largest displacement.



Physics To Go 2
1a. Amplitude is how far you go side to side, for wavelength, you measure the crest and multiply by two because of the trough. Frequency measures how many times your hands can go back and forth. Every time it goes up and back, that is 1 cycle, and you do how many times per second. For speed, m/s. 1b. Amplitude and wave length are in meters. Frequency is 1/seconds. Speed is meters per second. 1c. Amplitude is unrelated to anything, frequency and wavelength are inversely related because the waves speed depends on the medium. 2a. When frequency increases the wave length decreases, by changing the waves speed, you change tension in string. 2b. Wave length and frequency change. 2c. Wave speed doesn't change. 3. The wavelength can be measured from one point on one wave to the same point on the next wave. 4. Frequency is the number of waves over a time of a second. You can see how many waves are passing and divide it by how long the video you recorded. 5a. Wavelength units are meters. 5b. Frequency units are measured in Hertz (Hz) which is the number of waves over time. 5c. Speed is measured in meters/second. 5d. The speed can be measured by wavelength times frequency. 5e. wavelength (meters)*frequency (1/seconds)=meters/seconds (SPEED) 6a. A wave that remains constant in a position and doesn't move. 6b. 6c. Wavelength can be measured by knowing the distance from one completed crest to trough. 7a. Transverse waves, energy travels perpendicular to the motion of the particle. In longitudinal waves, energy travels parallel to the motion of the particle. 7b. Transverse waves move from back to forth. Longitudinal waves move in an up and down motion, or compressions moving down. 8a. To make wavelengths shorter, shake the slinky faster to increase frequency. 8b. Frequency decreases when you shake it slower, and this causes the wavelengths to increase. 9a. (n)(1/2)(wavelength) = L 5*.5*wavelength = 5 = 2 m 4* .5* wavelength = 5 = 2.5 m 3 x .5 x wavelength = 5 = 3.33 m 2* .5* wavelength = 5 = 5 m 1* .5* wavelength = 5 = 1 m 9b. The greater the frequency, the shorter the wavelength 10a. (n)(1/2)(wavelength) = L 1*.5* wavelength = 10 = 20 m 10b. The frequency is ½ Hz. 10c. wave speed = f*lambda =.5*20 = 10 m/s 11a. The two waves added together to make an amplitude of 5 cm. 11b. If they were on opposite sides of the coiled spring, the amplitude would be 1 cm. You get this by subtracting. 12. V = d/t =9/2.64 =3.41m/s 13a. The clothes=nods. Space between=antinodes. 13b. (n)(1/2)(wavelength) = L 3*1.5*wavelength = 9 = 6 m 13c. The wavelengths could be 3, 1 and a half, etc when being cut in half.

What Do You Think Now? 2

 * Water in the ocean that is formed is a transverse wave, The water that forms these waves have particles that move up and down. When the water's frequency is high, there are many waves crashing into the shore.

What Do You See? 3

 * I see a man is playing an instrument, It has one string made off of a broom stick. The lady is playing a stand up bass with multiple strings. The man's instrument probably doesn't make any good sounds.

What Do You Think? 3

 * Pitch changes depending on how tight or how loose you make a string in the first place. When a string is really tight, the pitch is really high, when the string is really loose, the pitch is really low.

Physics Talk 3

 * The length of the string is always half the wavelength of the lowest-frequency standing wave.
 * When pitch increases, frequency increases. The equation for wave speed is frequency times wavelength. When length of a string decreases, wavelength also decreases for a standing wave.
 * An inverse relationship is a relationship where decreasing one variable increases the other variable. For example, when decreasing the wavelength, frequency and pitch increase. As frequency increases, the speed of the wave increases. A larger tension force makes a bigger acceleration on that part, creating a fast vibration.
 * In a direct relationship, increasing one variable increases the other variable, and the same for if it decreases. For example, increasing the wave speed increases the frequency and pitch.

Checking Up 3
1. When decreasing wavelength, the pitch and frequency increase. F = v / lambda. If the wavelength gets shorter, the denominator on the right side of the equation gets smaller. 2. The greater the tension, the higher the pitch. If tension decreases, so does pitch. 3. The weaker the tension, the slower the wave speed. 4. L = [(n)(lambda)] / 2

What Do You Think Now? 3

 * The tighter the sting and the more tension on it, the higher the pitch will be. The less tension and less weight on the string, the pitch will be a lot lower.

What Do You See? 4

 * I see a woman blowing into a bottle, then I see someone blowing into a straw, then someone blowing into a shower thing, they are all wind instruments.

What Do You Think? 4

 * When wind is blown into the holes, that is how the sound is made. Depending on whether they are closer holes or further away holes is when the sound of the pitch is different.

Physics Talk 4

 * Sound is like a string, and it is a compressional wave.
 * At the bottom of a test tube there is no vibration and the amplitude is zero so there is no sound. It is at the node of a wave.
 * The node is the closed point of the wave. It is the very minimum of the ampllitude. On the other hand, at the open end, it is the loudest it can go and the amplitude is at its maximum. This is the antinode of a wave.
 * Sound waves travel by moving around barriers. Diffraction is this ability for the waves to be able to bend, spread out and change direction in order to get into an opening. The smaller the opening the more diffraction. The bigger the opening, the less diffraction.

**Checking Up 4** 1. The medium sound traveling is air. While traveling through the air, this sound diffracts. From wave to wave, it can enter and go through different barriers or through different boundaries. 2. Waves can diffract by bending. They change direction in order to get through different sized barriers or doorways. 3. The speed can be determined by multiplying the wavelength and the frequency.

Physics To Go 4
1a. The sounds are produced by standing waves and they are both an octave apart. 1b. Shortening the tube or string makes the frequency higher. In a string, there are nodes at both ends. In a closed tube, there is a node at one and an anti node at the other. 3a. 11 meters 3b. 3c. The wavelength is 44 meter and this is a closed tube which includes the 1/4. 3d. The two are indirectly related, speed must remain constant. As wavelength increases, frequency decreases and when frequency increases, wavelength decreases. 4a. 12 meters (3*4) (closed tube) 4b. ƒ=v/wavelength 340/12 =28.3Hz 4c. 6 meters (open tube) 4d.ƒ=v/wavelength 340/6 =56.6 Hz  5. A shorter pipe has a higher frequency, making this three times greater. 6a. Diffraction defines this question. 6b. 7. v=d/t 340=1600/t t=4.71 seconds

What Do You Think Now? 4

 * Flutes and organs make sounds through their holes. Anti nodes are the loudest part of a wave because they have the maximum amplitude. The longer the tube is, the lower the frequency. at the end which produces a loud sound. If wave speed is increases, the frequency has to increase. They share a direct relationship.